staff
1,125
edits
AniDB Definition:Romanisation: Difference between revisions
→Rules for Transcribing Dates: implementing final results of rule update discussion here: https://anidb.net/post446790
(→Arabic Numerals and Counters: this is the general rule) |
(→Rules for Transcribing Dates: implementing final results of rule update discussion here: https://anidb.net/post446790) |
||
| Line 418: | Line 418: | ||
=== Rules for Transcribing Dates === | === Rules for Transcribing Dates === | ||
The following | The following are general guidelines for transcribing dates, both when used to refer to specific calendar dates (i.e. 25.06.2018), and when counting dates as units (i.e. "it has been 20 years", "2 months until the deadline", "I leave in 17 days"). | ||
==== -- "Full" Dates ==== | ==== -- "Full" Dates ==== | ||
If a "full" date is given without Arabic numerals, transcribe the kanji in full. | |||
{| class="wikitable" border="1" | |||
|- | |||
! Text | |||
! Hiragana | |||
! Transcription | |||
|- | |||
| 二〇一六年十二月十一日 | |||
| にせんじゅうろくねん じゅうにがつ じゅういちにち | |||
| nisenjuurokunen juunigatsu juuichinichi | |||
|- | |||
| 二〇一六年十二月 | |||
| にせんじゅうろくねん じゅうにがつ | |||
| nisenjuurokunen juunigatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 十二月十一日 | |||
| じゅうにがつ じゅういちにち | |||
| juunigatsu juuichinichi | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
If a "full" date is given with Arabic numerals, leave the numerals in the transcription. | If a "full" date is given with Arabic numerals, leave the numerals in the transcription. | ||
| Line 429: | Line 451: | ||
! Transcription | ! Transcription | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | 2016年12月11日 | ||
| | | 2016ねん12がつ11にち | ||
| 2016 | | 2016-nen 12-gatsu 11-nichi | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | 2016年12月 | ||
| | | 2016ねん12がつ | ||
| 2016 | | 2016-nen 12-gatsu | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | 12月11日 | ||
| 4がつ11にち | | 4がつ11にち | ||
| | | 12-gatsu 11-nichi | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
==== -- Year (Counter: 年, -nen) ==== | ==== -- Year (Counter: 年, -nen) ==== | ||
This policy does not apply to the 年 (nen, year) counter, when being used as a date. For dates regarding specific calendar years, such as " | This policy does not apply to the 年 (nen, year) counter, when being used as a date. For dates regarding specific calendar years, such as "2016年" meaning "the calendar year 2016", transcribe as "2016-nen". If given in kanji, such as "二〇一六年", transcribe in full as "nisenjuuroku-nen". | ||
If 年 is being used to count the number of years as a counter object, ie 12年 as in "twelve years", transcribe in full: ''juuninen''. | If 年 is being used to count the number of years as a counter object, ie 12年 as in "twelve years", transcribe in full: ''juuninen''. | ||
==== -- Month (Counter: 月, -gatsu) ==== | ==== -- Month (Counter: 月, -gatsu) ==== | ||
The 12 months of the year are considered dictionary terms. Similar to how the months in English are named January through December, the Japanese months are named 一月/1月 through 十二月/12月. When used to refer to the month, transcribe in full, such as ''ichigatsu'' and ''juunigatsu''. | The 12 months of the year are considered dictionary terms, always transcribe in full. Similar to how the months in English are named January through December, the Japanese months are named 一月/1月 through 十二月/12月. When used to refer to the month, transcribe in full, such as ''ichigatsu'' and ''juunigatsu''. | ||
If 月 is being used to count the number of months as a counter object, ie 12ヶ月 as in "twelve months", transcribe in full: ''juunikagetsu''. | If 月 is being used to count the number of months as a counter object, ie 12ヶ月 as in "twelve months", transcribe in full: ''juunikagetsu''. | ||
List of the 12 dictionary months: | |||
{| class="wikitable" border="1" | |||
|- | |||
! # | |||
! Text | |||
! Hiragana | |||
! Transcription | |||
|- | |||
| 1 | |||
| 一月 | |||
| いちがつ | |||
| Ichigatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 2 | |||
| 二月 | |||
| にがつ | |||
| Nigatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 3 | |||
| 三月 | |||
| さんがつ | |||
| Sangatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 4 | |||
| 四月 | |||
| しがつ | |||
| Shigatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 5 | |||
| 五月 | |||
| ごがつ | |||
| Gogatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 6 | |||
| 六月 | |||
| ろくがつ | |||
| Rokugatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 7 | |||
| 七月 | |||
| しちがつ | |||
| Shichigatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 8 | |||
| 八月 | |||
| はちがつ | |||
| Hachigatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 9 | |||
| 九月 | |||
| くがつ | |||
| Kugatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 10 | |||
| 十月 | |||
| じゅうがつ | |||
| Juugatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 11 | |||
| 十一月 | |||
| じゅういちがつ | |||
| Juuichigatsu | |||
|- | |||
| 12 | |||
| 十二月 | |||
| じゅうにがつ | |||
| Juunigatsu | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
==== -- Day (Counter: 日, -nichi) ==== | ==== -- Day (Counter: 日, -nichi) ==== | ||
This policy does not apply to the 日 (nichi, day) counter, when being used as a date. For dates regarding specific calendar days, such as " | This policy does not apply to the 日 (nichi, day) counter, when being used as a date. For dates regarding specific calendar days, such as "11日" meaning "the calendar date of the 11th", transcribe as "11-nichi". If given in kanji, such as "十一日", transcribe in full as "juuichinichi". | ||
If 日 is being used to count the number of days as a counter object, ie | If 日 is being used to count the number of days as a counter object, ie 11日 as in "eleven days", transcribe in full: ''juuichinichi''. | ||
However, 1st to 10th, 14th, 20th, and 24th, are irregular. | However, 1st to 10th, 14th, 20th, and 24th, are irregular. | ||