https://wiki.anidb.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Bbaab&feedformat=atomAniDB - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T10:52:33ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.40.0https://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=AniDB_Definition:Romanisation&diff=5306AniDB Definition:Romanisation2006-03-16T15:13:29Z<p>Bbaab: /* Particle を as ''o'' */ Wrong examples ... let me find better ones. :)</p>
<hr />
<div>{{todo}}{{TOCright}}<br />
<br />
The information on this page is provided as ''guidelines'' on the use of romanised Japanese (''rōmaji'') in [[AniDB:About|AniDB]]. Please be aware that this is not an exact science, there are many viable solutions to the same problem, though when submitting [[How_to_update_or_correct_existing_entries|change requests]] on romanised titles users are expected to adhere to the 'house style' of the database. When there is contention over a particular issue, this page will provide both alternatives. External links to Wikipedia are provided throughout for ideas and terms that might be unfamiliar.<br />
<br />
== What romanised titles are for ==<br />
<br />
*'''Primarily''', to provide a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_%28linguistics%29 transcription] of the Japanese title that is ''aurally recognisable'' and ''readable'' by a user with little or no knowledge of the language. In using roman script, this is obviously targeted at speakers of European languages, however as this consitutes a majority of the poulation of AniDB users, this is a fair restriction.<br />
<br />
*''Secondary'' purposes include enabling rough pronunciation of titles, providing an alternative method of searching for a japanese title, assisting novices in reading unfamiliar words, and clarification of the reading of a particular word or phrase where it might be ambiguous.<br />
<br />
== What romanised titles aren't for ==<br />
<br />
*There is no requirement to be able to reconstruct the original title from romanised form. With [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_writing_system three distinct scripts plus roman], a wide range of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homophone homophones], and typographic intricacies such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furigana furigana] usage, this is beyond the scope of a 26 letter alphabet. In all cases the Japanese title should be presented as well, a romanised form is in no way a replacement for this.<br />
*Further more, the romanisation need not be a lossless [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transliteration transliteration] of Japanese spelling. Though less so than English, Japanese pronunciation deviates somewhat from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme phonemic] spelling. As the aim is to provide an aurally recognisable transcription, it is more important to better reflect the sound than exact spelling.<br />
*Romanised titles do not need to provide a basis for correct Japanese [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collation collation] of titles. This is a technical problem that would be better handled correctly through its own system, and would interfere with the primary purpose of the romanisation.<br />
*Romanisations need not have an 'official' status. Though both the Japanese makers and international licencees might provide a romanised title, this is irrelevant to a transcription of the japanese title - except arguably in the case of [[{{PAGENAME}}#What to do with names and invented terms|names]].<br />
<br />
= Hepburn romanisation =<br />
<br />
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn Hepburn] romanisation system was devised for a Japanese–English dictionary, published in 1867. Despite having no official status, variations of it are used for a vast majority of transcriptions, both inside and outside Japan. Unlike the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%8Dmaji two other main romanisation schemes], it concentrates of representing Japanese phonology rather than the underlying spelling.<br />
<br />
== Table of kana romanisation ==<br />
<br />
Each [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mora_%28linguistics%29 mora] represented in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kana kana] spelling of a Japanese word can be transcribed into roman letters according to the table below, with a few special cases that are listed in the following sections. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana hiragana] is on the left, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana katakana] is on the right.<br />
<br />
Table adpated from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization wikipedia article on Hepburn]. Obsolete kana are shown in <font color=red>red</font>.<br />
<br />
{{:AniDB Definition: Romanisation/Table}}<br />
<br />
== Special cases ==<br />
<br />
Hepburn also has a few extra rules to deal with particular cases, the ones below the AniDB house style adheres to.<br />
<br />
The particle spelling rules exist to reflect modern japanese pronunciation, note there are other features that Hepburn does not attempt to reflect, for instance the frequent dropping of the vowel /u/ (です is only pronounced 'desu' by kids), largely because there's no easy rule that could always be applied. The 'small tsu' rules reflect the fact it used in two rather different ways, and the syllabic n case is to deal with the problem that transcription might be ambiguous in a few cases.<br />
<br />
=== Particle は as ''wa'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles.html#part2 Intro to は by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
This rule is basically accepted by everyone, generally only ignored in error.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle, transcribe は as 'wa' rather than 'ha'''<br />
* Better represents the pronuciation<br />
* Common practice everywhere<br />
<br />
=== Particle へ as ''e'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles2.html#part4 Intro to へ by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
Sometimes contested, as romanisations that ignore this rule are somewhat more common. Use 'e' in preference, but if adding an anime title where 'he' is sometimes used, add that alternative as a synonym.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle, transcribe へ as 'e' rather than 'he'''<br />
* Better represents the pronunciation<br />
* Established Hepburn rule, and widespead usage by those who follow transcription rules strictly<br />
* Titles will save one character per へ particle<br />
<br />
''Always transcribe へ as 'he', even when particle''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Common practice amoungst fansubbers<br />
* Some titles including the particle へ are generally called by names romanised with 'e' by fans<br />
:{{a2|1321|Kita He. ~Diamond Dust Drops~|北へ。 ~Diamond Dust Drops~}} also particularly resistant to using more sensible [[{{PAGENAME}}#Punctuation|punctuation]].<br />
* There's not ''much'' difference between pronunciation of /he/ and /e/<br />
<br />
=== Particle を as ''o'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles2.html#part2 Intro to を by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
Often contested, many romanisations in the wild will use 'wo'. Feel free to use either, but do not make change requests that just change the particle... If adding as an anime title, include a synonym with the alternative romanisation.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle (you won't ever see it used in a normal word, so this means always (except when you do, as in names, or old words sometimes written in kana ...)), transcribe を as 'o' rather than 'wo'''<br />
* Better represents the pronunciation<br />
* Established Hepburn rule, and widespead usage by those who follow transcription rules strictly<br />
<br />
''Always transcribe を as 'wo', even when particle''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Common practice amoungst fansubbers<br />
* Many titles including the particle を are generally called by names romanised with 'wo' by fans<br />
:{{a2|21|Full Moon wo Sagashite|満月(フルムーン)をさがして}}<br />
:{{a2|336|Mimi wo Sumaseba|耳をすませば}}<br />
:{{a2|1072|Ace wo Nerae!|エースをねらえ!}}<br />
<br />
Discussion: [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2056 2004.06] / [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2063 2004.06] / [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4020 2005.07] (warning: profanity) <!-- Ehehehe, kidding rows. --><br />
<br />
=== っ when geminate consonant ===<br />
<br />
Really a very simple rule, complicated by one particular case. When っ is indicating a stop, the easy way to show that in the roman alphabet is with a doubled consonant. However for っち/っちゃ/っちゅ/っちょ the cluster ''tch'' is a probably a better transcription than ''cch'' (which is also confused by use in Italian) - but which is used tends to come down to individual words, which makes applying a general rule very difficult.<br />
<br />
''When part of a word, transcribe っ by doubling the following consonant, except っち as 'tchi' and similar''<br />
* May better represent pronunciation<br />
* Some common words are best known with a 'tch' transcription<br />
:{{a2|3083|Anime TV de Hakken! Tamagotchi|アニメ TVで発見!! たまごっち}} The toys are best known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamagotchi Tamagotchi], the spelling 'tamagocchi' not used.<br />
:{{a2|241|Touch|タッチ}} ''(tatchi)'' is a pun on たっちゃん Tat[suya]-chan, but the っちゃん ending can be used for any name.<br />
''When part of a word, always transcribe っ by doubling the following consonant''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Some common words are best known with a 'cch' transcription<br />
:{{a2|242|Futari Ecchi|ふたりエッチ}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecchi Ecchi] has been borrowed back into English, and almost always spelt with the 'cch' - though this particular title is arguably just 'Futari H'.<br />
<br />
=== っ when exclamation ===<br />
<br />
Commonly either given as an exclamation mark or just dropped, the former is preferable.<br />
<br />
''Transcribe っ at the end of a word as '!', unless followed by one anyway, in which case drop''<br />
* The っ as suprise/intonation marker is broadly equivalent to an exclamation mark<br />
* !! is っ! is ! semanticly, typography isn't important for transcriptions<br />
:{{a2|27|Aa! Megami-sama!|ああっ女神さまっ}}<br />
:{{a2|3144|Tsuru Hime jaa!|つる姫じゃーっ!}}<br />
<br />
''Discard っ at the end of a word in transcription''<br />
* Not exactly crucial, is it. Is it? (punctuation joke, sorry)<br />
<br />
''Transcribe っ at the end of a word as a trailing 'h'''<br />
* More appropriate for some endings than others, is context dependant, 'ah' is sensible, 'ih' is just odd<br />
* Potential for confusion with the habit of transcribing long vowels with an h, 'oh' could be おう or おっ<br />
<br />
=== ん before vowels as ''n''' ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
== Deviations from Hepburn ==<br />
<br />
These are rules in Hepburn that the AniDB house style does not follow, for reasons given.<br />
<br />
=== Macron usage for long vowels ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
=== ん before labial consonants as ''m'' ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
== Loanwords in Japanese ==<br />
<br />
=== Spell in original language where possible ===<br />
<br />
=== What to do with wasei eigo terms ===<br />
<br />
=== What to do with names and invented terms ===<br />
<br />
= Other orthography issues =<br />
<br />
== Spacing ==<br />
<br />
Separate each 単語 and 助詞.<br />
<br />
== Capitalisation ==<br />
<br />
Use an initial capital letter for 単語.<br />
<br />
== Punctuation ==<br />
<br />
<br />
= Practical guide =<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Guidelines]] [[Category:Definitions]]</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=AniDB_Definition:Romanisation&diff=5305AniDB Definition:Romanisation2006-03-16T15:09:24Z<p>Bbaab: /* Particle を as ''o'' */ - Oh rly?</p>
<hr />
<div>{{todo}}{{TOCright}}<br />
<br />
The information on this page is provided as ''guidelines'' on the use of romanised Japanese (''rōmaji'') in [[AniDB:About|AniDB]]. Please be aware that this is not an exact science, there are many viable solutions to the same problem, though when submitting [[How_to_update_or_correct_existing_entries|change requests]] on romanised titles users are expected to adhere to the 'house style' of the database. When there is contention over a particular issue, this page will provide both alternatives. External links to Wikipedia are provided throughout for ideas and terms that might be unfamiliar.<br />
<br />
== What romanised titles are for ==<br />
<br />
*'''Primarily''', to provide a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_%28linguistics%29 transcription] of the Japanese title that is ''aurally recognisable'' and ''readable'' by a user with little or no knowledge of the language. In using roman script, this is obviously targeted at speakers of European languages, however as this consitutes a majority of the poulation of AniDB users, this is a fair restriction.<br />
<br />
*''Secondary'' purposes include enabling rough pronunciation of titles, providing an alternative method of searching for a japanese title, assisting novices in reading unfamiliar words, and clarification of the reading of a particular word or phrase where it might be ambiguous.<br />
<br />
== What romanised titles aren't for ==<br />
<br />
*There is no requirement to be able to reconstruct the original title from romanised form. With [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_writing_system three distinct scripts plus roman], a wide range of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homophone homophones], and typographic intricacies such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furigana furigana] usage, this is beyond the scope of a 26 letter alphabet. In all cases the Japanese title should be presented as well, a romanised form is in no way a replacement for this.<br />
*Further more, the romanisation need not be a lossless [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transliteration transliteration] of Japanese spelling. Though less so than English, Japanese pronunciation deviates somewhat from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme phonemic] spelling. As the aim is to provide an aurally recognisable transcription, it is more important to better reflect the sound than exact spelling.<br />
*Romanised titles do not need to provide a basis for correct Japanese [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collation collation] of titles. This is a technical problem that would be better handled correctly through its own system, and would interfere with the primary purpose of the romanisation.<br />
*Romanisations need not have an 'official' status. Though both the Japanese makers and international licencees might provide a romanised title, this is irrelevant to a transcription of the japanese title - except arguably in the case of [[{{PAGENAME}}#What to do with names and invented terms|names]].<br />
<br />
= Hepburn romanisation =<br />
<br />
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn Hepburn] romanisation system was devised for a Japanese–English dictionary, published in 1867. Despite having no official status, variations of it are used for a vast majority of transcriptions, both inside and outside Japan. Unlike the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%8Dmaji two other main romanisation schemes], it concentrates of representing Japanese phonology rather than the underlying spelling.<br />
<br />
== Table of kana romanisation ==<br />
<br />
Each [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mora_%28linguistics%29 mora] represented in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kana kana] spelling of a Japanese word can be transcribed into roman letters according to the table below, with a few special cases that are listed in the following sections. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana hiragana] is on the left, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana katakana] is on the right.<br />
<br />
Table adpated from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization wikipedia article on Hepburn]. Obsolete kana are shown in <font color=red>red</font>.<br />
<br />
{{:AniDB Definition: Romanisation/Table}}<br />
<br />
== Special cases ==<br />
<br />
Hepburn also has a few extra rules to deal with particular cases, the ones below the AniDB house style adheres to.<br />
<br />
The particle spelling rules exist to reflect modern japanese pronunciation, note there are other features that Hepburn does not attempt to reflect, for instance the frequent dropping of the vowel /u/ (です is only pronounced 'desu' by kids), largely because there's no easy rule that could always be applied. The 'small tsu' rules reflect the fact it used in two rather different ways, and the syllabic n case is to deal with the problem that transcription might be ambiguous in a few cases.<br />
<br />
=== Particle は as ''wa'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles.html#part2 Intro to は by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
This rule is basically accepted by everyone, generally only ignored in error.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle, transcribe は as 'wa' rather than 'ha'''<br />
* Better represents the pronuciation<br />
* Common practice everywhere<br />
<br />
=== Particle へ as ''e'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles2.html#part4 Intro to へ by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
Sometimes contested, as romanisations that ignore this rule are somewhat more common. Use 'e' in preference, but if adding an anime title where 'he' is sometimes used, add that alternative as a synonym.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle, transcribe へ as 'e' rather than 'he'''<br />
* Better represents the pronunciation<br />
* Established Hepburn rule, and widespead usage by those who follow transcription rules strictly<br />
* Titles will save one character per へ particle<br />
<br />
''Always transcribe へ as 'he', even when particle''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Common practice amoungst fansubbers<br />
* Some titles including the particle へ are generally called by names romanised with 'e' by fans<br />
:{{a2|1321|Kita He. ~Diamond Dust Drops~|北へ。 ~Diamond Dust Drops~}} also particularly resistant to using more sensible [[{{PAGENAME}}#Punctuation|punctuation]].<br />
* There's not ''much'' difference between pronunciation of /he/ and /e/<br />
<br />
=== Particle を as ''o'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles2.html#part2 Intro to を by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
Often contested, many romanisations in the wild will use 'wo'. Feel free to use either, but do not make change requests that just change the particle... If adding as an anime title, include a synonym with the alternative romanisation.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle (you won't ever see it used in a normal word, so this means always (except when you do, as in names, for example the [http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%A8%E3%82%8F%E3%81%A0%E5%9E%8B%E8%A3%9C%E7%B5%A6%E8%89%A6 Towoda-Class Ammunition Ships], or old words sometimes written in kana, like "かわや" ...)), transcribe を as 'o' rather than 'wo'''<br />
* Better represents the pronunciation<br />
* Established Hepburn rule, and widespead usage by those who follow transcription rules strictly<br />
<br />
''Always transcribe を as 'wo', even when particle''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Common practice amoungst fansubbers<br />
* Many titles including the particle を are generally called by names romanised with 'wo' by fans<br />
:{{a2|21|Full Moon wo Sagashite|満月(フルムーン)をさがして}}<br />
:{{a2|336|Mimi wo Sumaseba|耳をすませば}}<br />
:{{a2|1072|Ace wo Nerae!|エースをねらえ!}}<br />
<br />
Discussion: [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2056 2004.06] / [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2063 2004.06] / [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4020 2005.07] (warning: profanity) <!-- Ehehehe, kidding rows. --><br />
<br />
=== っ when geminate consonant ===<br />
<br />
Really a very simple rule, complicated by one particular case. When っ is indicating a stop, the easy way to show that in the roman alphabet is with a doubled consonant. However for っち/っちゃ/っちゅ/っちょ the cluster ''tch'' is a probably a better transcription than ''cch'' (which is also confused by use in Italian) - but which is used tends to come down to individual words, which makes applying a general rule very difficult.<br />
<br />
''When part of a word, transcribe っ by doubling the following consonant, except っち as 'tchi' and similar''<br />
* May better represent pronunciation<br />
* Some common words are best known with a 'tch' transcription<br />
:{{a2|3083|Anime TV de Hakken! Tamagotchi|アニメ TVで発見!! たまごっち}} The toys are best known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamagotchi Tamagotchi], the spelling 'tamagocchi' not used.<br />
:{{a2|241|Touch|タッチ}} ''(tatchi)'' is a pun on たっちゃん Tat[suya]-chan, but the っちゃん ending can be used for any name.<br />
''When part of a word, always transcribe っ by doubling the following consonant''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Some common words are best known with a 'cch' transcription<br />
:{{a2|242|Futari Ecchi|ふたりエッチ}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecchi Ecchi] has been borrowed back into English, and almost always spelt with the 'cch' - though this particular title is arguably just 'Futari H'.<br />
<br />
=== っ when exclamation ===<br />
<br />
Commonly either given as an exclamation mark or just dropped, the former is preferable.<br />
<br />
''Transcribe っ at the end of a word as '!', unless followed by one anyway, in which case drop''<br />
* The っ as suprise/intonation marker is broadly equivalent to an exclamation mark<br />
* !! is っ! is ! semanticly, typography isn't important for transcriptions<br />
:{{a2|27|Aa! Megami-sama!|ああっ女神さまっ}}<br />
:{{a2|3144|Tsuru Hime jaa!|つる姫じゃーっ!}}<br />
<br />
''Discard っ at the end of a word in transcription''<br />
* Not exactly crucial, is it. Is it? (punctuation joke, sorry)<br />
<br />
''Transcribe っ at the end of a word as a trailing 'h'''<br />
* More appropriate for some endings than others, is context dependant, 'ah' is sensible, 'ih' is just odd<br />
* Potential for confusion with the habit of transcribing long vowels with an h, 'oh' could be おう or おっ<br />
<br />
=== ん before vowels as ''n''' ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
== Deviations from Hepburn ==<br />
<br />
These are rules in Hepburn that the AniDB house style does not follow, for reasons given.<br />
<br />
=== Macron usage for long vowels ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
=== ん before labial consonants as ''m'' ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
== Loanwords in Japanese ==<br />
<br />
=== Spell in original language where possible ===<br />
<br />
=== What to do with wasei eigo terms ===<br />
<br />
=== What to do with names and invented terms ===<br />
<br />
= Other orthography issues =<br />
<br />
== Spacing ==<br />
<br />
Separate each 単語 and 助詞.<br />
<br />
== Capitalisation ==<br />
<br />
Use an initial capital letter for 単語.<br />
<br />
== Punctuation ==<br />
<br />
<br />
= Practical guide =<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Guidelines]] [[Category:Definitions]]</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=AniDB:Sign_up&diff=4478AniDB:Sign up2005-11-29T14:58:30Z<p>Bbaab: - Text by User:GULIDRECK. Please keep comments to the Discussion page.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{TOCright}}<br />
<br />
==Why should I signup?==<br />
<br />
AniDB offers many unique features which are in this combination (to our knowledge) not available anywhere else.<br><br />
Most of those features require you to be logged in and as a guest (not logged in) you won't even see most of them.<br />
<br />
AniDB features only available to registered users:<br />
:* <b>[[Mylist|MyList]]:</b><br />
::* Keep a complete list of all the animes you have collected with minimal effort.<br />
::* Take advantage of tons of specific anime/episode info already added by other users, your anime list was never this comprehensive.<br />
::* Never again wonder where that episode xyz is stored, which groups you were collecting or if you have watched it already.<br />
::* Easily find animes you could watch next.<br />
::* Share your anime list with other users. Using the detailed anidb access controls you decide who can access your [[mylist|Mylist]] and to what extend.<br />
::* Compare your anime list with other users to see what anime they have and you don't.<br />
::* [[Mylist export|Export your MyList]] into other user defined formats for offline use (i.e. csv, html, xml, ...).<br />
::* Use AniDB Clients to browse your MyList offline. (See: [[AOM]])<br />
:* <b>[[Notifications]] and status info:</b><br />
::* Recieve automated [[notifications]] on newly added episodes for animes on your notify list.<br />
::* Use the [[up2date]] feature to fill those holes in your anime collection (missing episodes).<br />
::* Get visual feedback on the state of episodes directly on the anime page (in mylist, watched, ...)<br />
::* Get detailed personalized statistics about your anime collection and your AniDB membership.<br />
:* <b>Voting, Reviewing, Recommendations:</b><br />
::* Become an active member of the AniDB Community and rate or review your favorit animes.<br />
::* Take advantage of the personalized anime recommendations calculated from your personal tastes (votes, mylist, ...). (See: [[Anime Hint]])<br />
:* <b>Contribute to AniDB:</b><br />
::* Add new episodes, animes and groups to AniDB.<br />
::* Edit, correct and extend existing AniDB entries.<br />
:* <b>IRC Based Featuers:</b><br />
::* Access your anime list and personal statistics through the AniDB IRC Bot [[IRC:Chii|Chii[AR]]].<br />
::* Mark episodes watched by simply changing you IRC nick.<br />
:* Much more...<br />
<br />
==How to signup==<br />
Just click [[image:button_signup.gif|signup]] [http://anidb.info/perl-bin/animedb.pl?show=signup Signup] and you are in the signup screen.<br />
<br />
The rest is quite self explanatory...<br />
<br />
{{eyecatch|Important:| Do NOT USE hotmail or yahoo addresses!<br>Their spamfilters are likely to prevent you from receiving your password email!<br>Remember to check your Spamfolder if you do not receive the activation email!}}<br />
<br />
If you don't to use your real e-mail address or if your real address is with one of the services mentioned above, [http://www.mailinator.net/ Mailinator] provides hassle-free instant mail boxes.<br />
<br />
==Problems==<br />
===I did not receive the activation email===<br />
Login using your username and password and request a re-send of the activation email. You can also change the email address assigned to your account.<br />
<br />
===I tried the re-send function, but I still didn't get the activation email.===<br />
Try it again, this time with a different email address located at another ISP.<br />
<br />
===I forgot my password, what now?===<br />
You can request a temporary password which will allow you to access your anidb account and change it's password yourself. In order to do this you need to try to login using your correct username and a wrong password. You will see a login failed error message which will also offer you to request a Password Reminder.<br />
<br />
===I forgot my password and the email address is no longer valid===<br />
We urge you to always keep your email address up to date. In this case we can't help you. Please create a new account.<br />
<br />
==Misc. Questions==<br />
===Can I change my username?===<br />
No.<br />
<br />
===Can you change my username?===<br />
No.<br />
<br />
===Can you delete my account?===<br />
Yes we can, but we normally don't do it. Simply stop using your account.<br />
<br />
===Can you move my mylist to another account?===<br />
No.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Interface]][[Category:Misc]][[Category:Problems]]</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=AniDB_talk:Site_support&diff=4475AniDB talk:Site support2005-11-28T19:38:44Z<p>Bbaab: </p>
<hr />
<div>So, we have a new server now ... maybe this page could be edited to reflect this little fact, too. :) In any case, wouldn't it be nice to have a few spare back-up or even load-balancing servers in other locations, too? I, for one, could surely donate one. Others might, too. There are some questions and potential problems with that, of course (for example, if the AniDB scripts would work in that kind of environment, or if the used DB backend supports clustering or master-slave relationships), but I think the benefits far outweight them. --[[User:Bbaab|Bbaab]] 20:38, 28 November 2005 (CET)</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=AniDB_Definition:Romanisation&diff=4389AniDB Definition:Romanisation2005-11-14T14:41:14Z<p>Bbaab: /* Table of kana romanisation */ "modern" katakana added</p>
<hr />
<div>{{todo}}{{TOCright}}<br />
<br />
The information on this page is provided as ''guidelines'' on the use of romanised Japanese (''rōmaji'') in [[AniDB:About|AniDB]]. Please be aware that this is not an exact science, there are many viable solutions to the same problem, though when submitting [[How_to_update_or_correct_existing_entries|change requests]] on romanised titles users are expected to adhere to the 'house style' of the database. When there is contention over a particular issue, this page will provide both alternatives. External links to Wikipedia are provided throughout for ideas and terms that might be unfamiliar.<br />
<br />
== What romanised titles are for ==<br />
<br />
*'''Primarily''', to provide a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_%28linguistics%29 transcription] of the Japanese title that is ''aurally recognisable'' and ''readable'' by a user with little or no knowledge of the language. In using roman script, this is obviously targeted at speakers of European languages, however as this consitutes a majority of the poulation of AniDB users, this is a fair restriction.<br />
<br />
*''Secondary'' purposes include enabling rough pronunciation of titles, providing an alternative method of searching for a japanese title, assisting novices in reading unfamiliar words, and clarification of the reading of a particular word or phrase where it might be ambiguous.<br />
<br />
== What romanised titles aren't for ==<br />
<br />
*There is no requirement to be able to reconstruct the original title from romanised form. With [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_writing_system three distinct scripts plus roman], a wide range of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homophone homophones], and typographic intricacies such as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furigana furigana] usage, this is beyond the scope of a 26 letter alphabet. In all cases the Japanese title should be presented as well, a romanised form is in no way a replacement for this.<br />
*Further more, the romanisation need not be a lossless [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transliteration transliteration] of Japanese spelling. Though less so than English, Japanese pronunciation deviates somewhat from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme phonemic] spelling. As the aim is to provide an aurally recognisable transcription, it is more important to better reflect the sound than exact spelling.<br />
*Romanised titles do not need to provide a basis for correct Japanese [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collation collation] of titles. This is a technical problem that would be better handled correctly through its own system, and would interfere with the primary purpose of the romanisation.<br />
*Romanisations need not have an 'official' status. Though both the Japanese makers and international licencees might provide a romanised title, this is irrelevant to a transcription of the japanese title - except arguably in the case of [[{{PAGENAME}}#What to do with names and invented terms|names]].<br />
<br />
= Hepburn romanisation =<br />
<br />
The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn Hepburn] romanisation system was devised for a Japanese–English dictionary, published in 1867. Despite having no official status, variations of it are used for a vast majority of transcriptions, both inside and outside Japan. Unlike the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%8Dmaji two other main romanisation schemes], it concentrates of representing Japanese phonology rather than the underlying spelling.<br />
<br />
== Table of kana romanisation ==<br />
<br />
Each [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mora_%28linguistics%29 mora] represented in the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kana kana] spelling of a Japanese word can be transcribed into roman letters according to the table below, with a few special cases that are listed in the following sections. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana hiragana] is on the left, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana katakana] is on the right.<br />
<br />
Table adpated from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepburn_romanization wikipedia article on Hepburn]. Obsolete kana are shown in <font color=red>red</font>.<br />
<br />
{{:AniDB Definition: Romanisation/Table}}<br />
<br />
== Special cases ==<br />
<br />
Hepburn also has a few extra rules to deal with particular cases, the ones below the AniDB house style adheres to.<br />
<br />
The particle spelling rules exist to reflect modern japanese pronunciation, note there are other features that Hepburn does not attempt to reflect, for instance the frequent dropping of the vowel /u/ (です is only pronounced 'desu' by kids), largely because there's no easy rule that could always be applied. The 'small tsu' rules reflect the fact it used in two rather different ways, and the syllabic n case is to deal with the problem that transcription might be ambiguous in a few cases.<br />
<br />
=== Particle は as ''wa'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles.html#part2 Intro to は by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
This rule is basically accepted by everyone, generally only ignored in error.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle, transcribe は as 'wa' rather than 'ha'''<br />
* Better represents the pronuciation<br />
* Common practice everywhere<br />
<br />
=== Particle へ as ''e'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles2.html#part4 Intro to へ by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
Sometimes contested, as romanisations that ignore this rule are somewhat more common. Use 'e' in preference, but if adding an anime title where 'he' is sometimes used, add that alternative as a synonym.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle, transcribe へ as 'e' rather than 'he'''<br />
* Better represents the pronunciation<br />
* Established Hepburn rule, and widespead usage by those who follow transcription rules strictly<br />
* Titles will save one character per へ particle<br />
<br />
''Always transcribe へ as 'he', even when particle''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Common practice amoungst fansubbers<br />
* Some titles including the particle へ are generally called by names romanised with 'e' by fans<br />
:{{a2|1321|Kita He. ~Diamond Dust Drops~|北へ。 ~Diamond Dust Drops~}} also particularly resistant to using more sensible [[{{PAGENAME}}#Punctuation|punctuation]].<br />
* There's not ''much'' difference between pronunciation of /he/ and /e/<br />
<br />
=== Particle を as ''o'' ===<br />
<br />
[http://www.guidetojapanese.org/particles2.html#part2 Intro to を by Tae Kim]<br />
<br />
Often contested, many romanisations in the wild will use 'wo'. Feel free to use either, but do not make change requests that just change the particle... If adding as an anime title, include a synonym with the alternative romanisation.<br />
<br />
''When used as a particle, transcribe を as 'o' rather than 'wo'''<br />
* Better represents the pronunciation<br />
* Established Hepburn rule, and widespead usage by those who follow transcription rules strictly<br />
<br />
''Always transcribe を as 'o', even when particle''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Common practice amoungst fansubbers<br />
* Many titles including the particle を are generally called by names romanised with 'wo' by fans<br />
:{{a2|21|Full Moon wo Sagashite|満月(フルムーン)をさがして}}<br />
:{{a2|336|Mimi wo Sumaseba|耳をすませば}}<br />
:{{a2|1072|Ace wo Nerae!|エースをねらえ!}}<br />
<br />
Discussion: [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2056 2004.06] / [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2063 2004.06] / [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4020 2005.07] (warning: profanity) <!-- Ehehehe, kidding rows. --><br />
<br />
=== っ when geminate consonant ===<br />
<br />
Really a very simple rule, complicated by one particular case. When っ is indicating a stop, the easy way to show that in the roman alphabet is with a doubled consonant. However for っち/っちゃ/っちゅ/っちょ the cluster ''tch'' is a probably a better transcription than ''cch'' (which is also confused by use in Italian) - but which is used tends to come down to individual words, which makes applying a general rule very difficult.<br />
<br />
''When part of a word, transcribe っ by doubling the following consonant, except っち as 'tchi' and similar''<br />
* May better represent pronunciation<br />
* Some common words are best known with a 'tch' transcription<br />
:{{a2|3083|Anime TV de Hakken! Tamagotchi|アニメ TVで発見!! たまごっち}} The toys are best known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamagotchi Tamagotchi], the spelling 'tamagocchi' not used.<br />
:{{a2|241|Touch|タッチ}} ''(tatchi)'' is a pun on たっちゃん Tat[suya]-chan, but the っちゃん ending can be used for any name.<br />
''When part of a word, always transcribe っ by doubling the following consonant''<br />
* Once less rule to remember<br />
* Some common words are best known with a 'cch' transcription<br />
:{{a2|242|Futari Ecchi|ふたりエッチ}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecchi Ecchi] has been borrowed back into English, and almost always spelt with the 'cch' - though this particular title is arguably just 'Futari H'.<br />
<br />
=== っ when exclamation ===<br />
<br />
Commonly either given as an exclamation mark or just dropped, the former is preferable.<br />
<br />
''Transcribe っ at the end of a word as '!', unless followed by one anyway, in which case drop''<br />
* The っ as suprise/intonation marker is broadly equivalent to an exclamation mark<br />
* !! is っ! is ! semanticly, typography isn't important for transcriptions<br />
:{{a2|27|Aa! Megami-sama!|ああっ女神さまっ}}<br />
:{{a2|3144|Tsuru Hime jaa!|つる姫じゃーっ!}}<br />
<br />
''Discard っ at the end of a word in transcription''<br />
* Not exactly crucial, is it. Is it? (punctuation joke, sorry)<br />
<br />
''Transcribe っ at the end of a word as a trailing 'h'''<br />
* More appropriate for some endings than others, is context dependant, 'ah' is sensible, 'ih' is just odd<br />
* Potential for confusion with the habit of transcribing long vowels with an h, 'oh' could be おう or おっ<br />
<br />
=== ん before vowels as ''n''' ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
== Deviations from Hepburn ==<br />
<br />
These are rules in Hepburn that the AniDB house style does not follow, for reasons given.<br />
<br />
=== Macron usage for long vowels ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
=== ん before labial consonants as ''m'' ===<br />
<br />
Accepted.<br />
<br />
== Loanwords in Japanese ==<br />
<br />
=== Spell in original language where possible ===<br />
<br />
=== What to do with wasei eigo terms ===<br />
<br />
=== What to do with names and invented terms ===<br />
<br />
= Other orthography issues =<br />
<br />
== Spacing ==<br />
<br />
Separate each 単語 and 助詞.<br />
<br />
== Capitalisation ==<br />
<br />
Use an initial capital letter for 単語.<br />
<br />
== Punctuation ==<br />
<br />
<br />
= Practical guide =<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Guidelines]] [[Category:Definitions]]</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=AniDB_Definition:_Romanisation/Table&diff=4388AniDB Definition: Romanisation/Table2005-11-14T14:40:24Z<p>Bbaab: + extended katakana</p>
<hr />
<div>{| border="0" cellspacing="2px" cellpadding="2px" width="100%"<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#BECFEB" valign=top align="center"<br />
!&#12354; ''a'' ア<br />
!&#12356; ''i'' イ<br />
!&#12358; ''u'' ウ<br />
!&#12360; ''e'' エ<br />
!&#12362; ''o'' オ<br />
|bgcolor="#D4D4D4"|('''''ya''''')<br />
|bgcolor="#D4D4D4"|('''''yu''''')<br />
|bgcolor="#D4D4D4"|('''''yo''''')<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="8"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12363; ''ka'' カ<br />
|&#12365; ''ki'' キ<br />
|&#12367; ''ku'' く<br />
|&#12369; ''ke'' ケ<br />
|&#12371; ''ko'' コ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12365;&#12419; ''kya'' キャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12365;&#12421; ''kyu'' キュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12365;&#12423; ''kyo'' キョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12373; ''sa'' サ<br />
|&#12375; ''shi'' シ<br />
|&#12377; ''su'' ス<br />
|&#12379; ''se'' セ<br />
|&#12381; ''so'' ソ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12375;&#12419; ''sha'' シャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12375;&#12421; ''shu'' シュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12375;&#12423; ''sho'' ショ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12383; ''ta'' タ<br />
|&#12385; ''chi'' チ<br />
|&#12388; ''tsu'' ツ<br />
|&#12390; ''te'' テ<br />
|&#12392; ''to'' ト<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12385;&#12419; ''cha'' チャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12385;&#12421; ''chu'' チュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12385;&#12423; ''cho'' チョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12394; ''na'' ナ<br />
|&#12395; ''ni'' ニ<br />
|&#12396; ''nu'' ヌ<br />
|&#12397; ''ne'' ネ<br />
|&#12398; ''no'' ノ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12395;&#12419; ''nya'' ニャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12395;&#12421; ''nyu'' ニュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12395;&#12423; ''nyo'' ニョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12399; ''ha'' ハ<br />
|&#12402; ''hi'' ヒ<br />
|&#12405; ''fu'' フ<br />
|&#12408; ''he'' ヘ<br />
|&#12411; ''ho'' ホ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12402;&#12419; ''hya'' ヒャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12402;&#12421; ''hyu'' ヒュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12402;&#12423; ''hyo'' ヒョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12414; ''ma'' マ<br />
|&#12415; ''mi'' ミ<br />
|&#12416; ''mu'' ム<br />
|&#12417; ''me'' メ<br />
|&#12418; ''mo'' モ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12415;&#12419; ''mya'' ミャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12415;&#12421; ''myu'' ミュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12415;&#12423; ''myo'' ミョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12420; ''ya'' ヤ<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|&#12422; ''yu'' ユ<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|&#12424; ''yo'' ヨ<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12425; ''ra'' ラ<br />
|&#12426; ''ri'' リ<br />
|&#12427; ''ru'' ル<br />
|&#12428; ''re'' レ<br />
|&#12429; ''ro'' ロ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12426;&#12419; ''rya'' リャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12426;&#12421; ''ryu'' リュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12426;&#12423; ''ryo'' リョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12431; ''wa'' ワ<br />
|<font color=red>&#12432; ''wi'' ヰ</font><br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|<font color=red>&#12433; ''we'' ヱ</font><br />
|&#12434; ''wo'' ヲ<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="4"|<br />
|&#12435; ''n'' ン<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="8"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12364; ''ga'' ガ<br />
|&#12366; ''gi'' ギ<br />
|&#12368; ''gu'' グ<br />
|&#12370; ''ge'' ゲ<br />
|&#12372; ''go'' ゴ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12366;&#12419; ''gya'' ギャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12366;&#12421; ''gyu'' ギュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12366;&#12423; ''gyo'' ギョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12374; ''za'' ザ<br />
|&#12376; ''ji'' ジ<br />
|&#12378; ''zu'' ズ<br />
|&#12380; ''ze'' ゼ<br />
|&#12382; ''zo'' ゾ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12376;&#12419; ''ja'' ジャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12376;&#12421; ''ju'' ジュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12376;&#12423; ''jo'' ジョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12384; ''da'' ダ<br />
|&#12386; ''(ji)'' ヂ<br />
|&#12389; ''(zu)'' ヅ<br />
|&#12391; ''de'' デ<br />
|&#12393; ''do'' ド<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12386;&#12419; ''(ja)'' ヂャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12386;&#12421; ''(ju)'' ヂュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12386;&#12423; ''(jo)'' ヂョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12400; ''ba'' バ<br />
|&#12403; ''bi'' ビ<br />
|&#12406; ''bu'' ブ<br />
|&#12409; ''be'' ベ<br />
|&#12412; ''bo'' ボ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12403;&#12419; ''bya'' ビャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12403;&#12421; ''byu'' ビュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12403;&#12423; ''byo'' ビョ<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|&#12401; ''pa'' パ<br />
|&#12404; ''pi'' ピ<br />
|&#12407; ''pu'' プ<br />
|&#12410; ''pe'' ペ<br />
|&#12413; ''po'' ポ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12404;&#12419; ''pya'' ピャ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12404;&#12421; ''pyu'' ピュ<br />
|bgcolor="#F3F5DE"|&#12404;&#12423; ''pyo'' ピョ<br />
<br />
|-<br />
|colspan="8"| '''Extended Katakana''' - These are used mainly to represent the sounds in words in other languages. Most of these are not formally standardized and some are very rarely used.<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
|''ye''&nbsp;&#12452;&#12455;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="4"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|''wi''&nbsp;&#12454;&#12451;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|''we''&nbsp;&#12454;&#12455;<br />
|''wo''&nbsp;&#12454;&#12457;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|<font color=red>''va''&nbsp;&#12535;</font><br />
|<font color=red>''vi''&nbsp;&#12536;</font><br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|<font color=red>''ve''&nbsp;&#12537;</font><br />
|<font color=red>''vo''&nbsp;&#12538;</font><br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|''va''&nbsp;&#12532;&#12449;<br />
|''vi''&nbsp;&#12532;&#12451;<br />
|''vu''&nbsp;&#12532;<br />
|''ve''&nbsp;&#12532;&#12455;<br />
|''vo''&nbsp;&#12532;&#12457;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
|''she''&nbsp;&#12471;&#12455;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="4"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
|''je''&nbsp;&#12472;&#12455;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="4"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|''ti''&nbsp;&#12486;&#12451;<br />
|''tu''&nbsp;&#12488;&#12453;<br />
|''che''&nbsp;&#12481;&#12455;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="2"|<br />
|''tyu''&nbsp;&#12486;&#12517;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|''di''&nbsp;&#12487;&#12451;<br />
|''du''&nbsp;&#12489;&#12453;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
|''dyu''&nbsp;&#12487;&#12517;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|''tsa''&nbsp;&#12484;&#12449;<br />
|''tsi''&nbsp;&#12484;&#12451;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|''tse''&nbsp;&#12484;&#12455;<br />
|''tso''&nbsp;&#12484;&#12457;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9" colspan="3"|<br />
<br />
|-bgcolor="#E7F5DE" valign=top align="center"<br />
|''fa''&nbsp;&#12501;&#12449;<br />
|''fi''&nbsp;&#12501;&#12451;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|''fe''&nbsp;&#12501;&#12455;<br />
|''fo''&nbsp;&#12501;&#12457;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
|''fyu''&nbsp;&#12501;&#12517;<br />
|bgcolor="#E9E9E9"|<br />
<br />
|}</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=Ed2k-hash&diff=2152Ed2k-hash2005-11-09T23:45:01Z<p>Bbaab: /* How is an ed2k hash calculated exactly? */ Somewhat nicer formating of the table</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
<br />
== What's an ed2k hash? ==<br />
<br />
A hash is a <insert non-laziness here><br />
<br />
The ed2k hash is based on the ''md4 algorithm'', but rather than providing a single hash of the entire file, it breaks the file up into 9500kb ''chunks'' and produces a final hash based on the md4 sums of the chunks. While no longer considered secure from a cryptographic perspective, for the purpose of uniquely identifying files it's more than adequate. It is often listed as part of an ''ed2k link'', which also includes a size in bytes, and a name.<br />
<br />
== Why does anidb require ed2k-hashes? ==<br />
<br />
The main reason for this is that it avoids adding of double db entries. AniDB will not allow you to add a file with the same ed2k-hash as an existing one.<br />
<br />
The file size and ed2k-hash of a file is used to identify it globally.<br />
<br />
You are allowed to add files without ed2k-hashes to AniDB, however you should edit those files later and add the missing ed2k-hashes. Once you added a certain number of files without ed2k-hashes you may no longer add new files without ed2k-hashes until you edit your old files first.<br />
<br />
== Why use ed2k instead of another type of hash if you do not support downloads? ==<br />
<br />
* The combination of ed2k-hash and file size makes ed2k effective for uniquely identifying files.<br />
* Since ed2k-hashes can be passed back and forth within a URL with both the hash and file size in a widely recognized format it is a convenient method for adding or checking files.<br />
* Other hashes are good for validating if a file is corrupt if you already know what file you are comparing it against, but cannot necessarily globally identify a file in the system like the ed2k.<br />
* AniDB was designed around ed2k, although other hashes have been added to the file records for validation, the internal structure is based on ed2k. If the site goes through a complete redesign then maybe another hash will be made the primary hash, but at this point, this is not likely to change.<br />
<br />
== Which software can be used to generate them? ==<br />
<br />
If you have the file(s) on your hard disk or on CD you can use all kinds of tools to generate the ed2k-hash and other additional info:<br />
* [[AniDB_O'Matic]] by BennieB/PetriW can generate ed2k-hashes. It generates ed2k-hashes, md5, sha-1, crc32 in one go and also lists stuff like codec, resolution, bitrates, ...<br />
* [http://sourceforge.net/projects/ed2k-tools/ ed2k_hash] another tool which is commandline based and also available for Linux.<br />
* [http://malich.content.no-ip.org/filehash/filehash-0.5.2.zip Filehash] a little java program written by Malich. for further info on it read [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=77 here]<br />
* [http://www.slavasoft.com/hashcalc/ Hashcalc] can create md5, sha-1, crc32, ed2k-hashes and various other hashes in 1 go. though at least 1 case is known in which it created a wrong ed2k!<br />
<br />
== How is an ed2k hash calculated exactly? ==<br />
<br />
A file is hashed in 9728000 byte ''chunks'', using the md4 algorithm, and produces a 128 bit hash for each chunk. For files with only one chunk, the ed2k hash ''is'' the md4 of the file, however for hashes with 2 or more chunks the the hash of each chunk is appended to those before it, and an further md4 of the hashes themselves provides the ed2k hash of the file. Pseudo code is given below:<br />
<br />
:if filesize is less than <font color="blue">or equal to</font> 9728000:<br />
:: return md4 of file<br />
:for chunk of size upto 9728000 in file:<br />
:: append md4 of chunk to hashlist<br />
:<font color="red">if filesize is a multiple of 9728000:<br />
::append md4 of null to hashlist</font><br />
:return md4 of hashlist<br />
<br />
Note that there are two different ways in practice that implimentations treat the 9728000 byte boundary, given as either the red code or the blue code above, black is common to both. In practice this difference only affects a tiny number of files, however is the one case where two 'valid' ed2k hashes might be produced from one file.<br />
<br />
<list of which clients use which method><br />
*<font color="blue">edonkey2000 v1.4.3</font><br />
*<font color="blue">mldonkey-2.5.30.17</font><br />
*<font color="blue">HashCalc Version 2.01</font><br />
*<font color="blue">edonkey-tool-hash-0.4.0</font><br />
*<font color="blue">fsum 2.51</font><br />
*<font color="red">emule 0.46c</font><br />
*<font color="red">AOM 0.5.5.239</font><br />
*<font color="red">webaom v1.13</font><br />
*<font color="red">ed2k (Stephane D'Alu) 1.4</font><br />
<br />
<list of affected files, filesize><br />
{| cellpadding="5"<br />
! File !! Size (bytes) !! Blue method !! Red method<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|File of zeros || 9728000 || d7def262a127cd79096a108e7a9fc138 || fc21d9af828f92a8df64beac3357425d<br />
|-<br />
|File of zeros || 19456000 || 194ee9e4fa79b2ee9f8829284c466051 || 114b21c63a74b6ca922291a11177dd5c<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f7047 || 145920000 || 1c2b1a6b142955d84af5d3210d3ece6f || 4f79548623c6099896a489257163764e<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f24359 || 136192000 || ||<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f31383 || 136192000 || || df294338b38a29f81ad84f1f364b4504<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f48530 || 175104000 || ||<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f51131 || 107008000 || || aa399ff3a0ab9f8eb939dbcd7b7d0ec3<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f51330 || 175104000 || fa7fbadaed151b003032985eae5c3420 || 148b2cf54cb4d66f70939ec5224d7961<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f55744 || 97280000 || || 2fcd55bdeae2a92cc99d70763a64f048<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f56411 || 165376000 || || f498072c0849cee180e4a1a7d34a26d2<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f57766 || 145920000 || 7a54eda5d89ed525974487aa94515701 || 85d995b678284e7db5d52df1375971a9<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f73921 || 184832000 || || fc9210c307f99ed7339556d5f05f3d59<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f78552 || 194560000 || ddcec8fdcddd43276a2c173498345789 || d61b705c59199666e164a274e7f91bec<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f80216 || 165376000 || ||<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f92884 || 68096000 || ||<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f123554 || 243200000 || 822fc0f338fe8e43d96b9a99fe9632ce || ee3557fe68ccd056302710a185f4445f<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f126410 || 184832000 || || 87ac7a62de204473d3f5448214f4207c<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f130233 || 184832000 || ||<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f142402 || 155648000 || || 4538e1fded9d7661e1ad7d56e7406054<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f165143 || 165376000 || 0ced631bb9010d3ccd331689a2fb02de || 6a092c056bc46e7a08d63408f918ba52<br />
|- style="background-color: #eee;"<br />
|http://anidb.info/f166304 || 184832000 || aab2ce19d5b786af20d6e4a15f63552f || aa9930ccd300a2feac30b0e49830c321<br />
|-<br />
|http://anidb.info/f174421 || 223744000 || ||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Category: Definitions]][[Category: Guidelines]]</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=Content:Episodes&diff=1486Content:Episodes2005-09-01T19:04:38Z<p>Bbaab: /* First Aired/Released and Finished Airing/Release */ Making the airing dates of shows aired at or after 24:00 clearer</p>
<hr />
<div>==You know an Episode for an Anime that's not listed...==<br />
<br />
AniDB is a userdriven DB and every user can add new episodes. So if you know an episode for an Anime thats not yet in Anidb we encourage you to add it. We also ask you to include as much info as possible when adding a new episode, it's for all users' benefit.<br />
<br />
==Where can I add new Episodes?!==<br />
At the bottom of every anime entry is a link names "Add Episode". Once you click it you're on the "Add Episode" page. There's a lot of info you can input here.<br />
<br />
==Basic info you should include when adding an episode==<br />
===Episode number===<br />
Be careful with different episodeorders here. For the moment the japanese "How it was supposed to be shown" order is our standard<br />
<br />
===Type===<br />
*Normal Episode<br />
*Special/Extra Episode <i>(DVD Specials, Bonus eps)</i><br />
*Opening/Ending/Theme/Credits Episode<br />
*Trailer/Promo/Adv Episode<br />
*Parody/Fandub Episode<br />
*Other Episode <i>([[Files:Multi-episode files|Multi-ep]] and [[Files:Split-episode files|Split]], Supportfiles (AC3 modpacks, fontpacks, subtitles for more than 1 ep) and other things.)</i><br />
<br />
{{eyecatch|Note:|"Other" is NOT meant for OST's, Manga, AMV's or any other not official Special!<br> PV's are NOT allowed if they weren't on the DVD (R1, R2) as a special!}}<br />
<br />
===Episode Name (English)===<br />
Check the official page if it's licensed, if it's not use a translation of the romaji/kanji title.<br><br />
If you have neither use: "Episode XX" where XX is the number of the episode.<br><br />
<br />
<i>for OVA's (complete ep#=1)</i><br><br />
if there is no real ep title (aka when the ep title = anime title) just name the ep OVA<br><br />
<i>for Movies</i><br><br />
See: [[Content:Movies|Movie Guideline]]<br />
<br />
===Play Length===<br />
the official play lenght of this episode.<br />
<br />
== Optional Info ==<br />
We'd like you to add this info sooner or later to the episode since some other users will benefit from your work.<br />
<br />
===Episode Name (Romaji)===<br />
Please check our [[Kanji & Romaji Guideline]] for further assistance with this.<br><br />
<i>for OVA (complete ep#=1)</i><br><br />
if there is no real ep title (aka when the ep title = anime title) just leave the field blank<br><br />
<i>for Movies</i><br><br />
just leave the field blank.<br />
<br />
===Episode Name (Kanji)===<br />
Please check our [[Kanji & Romaji Guideline]] for further assistance with this.<br><br />
[http://www.allcinema.com AllCinema] is a reliable source for this.<br><br />
<i>for OVA (complete ep#=1)</i><br><br />
if there is no real ep title (aka when the ep title = anime title) just leave the field blank<br><br />
<i>for Movies</i><br><br />
just leave the field blank.<br />
<br />
===First Aired/Released and Finished Airing/Release===<br />
Check the official Japanese(!) page, [http://cal.syoboi.jp Japanese TV Guide] or other pages listed [[Where to find release-dates for Anime|here]].<br><br />
Be careful with shows that have 24:00 and later air hours - this means that show will air on the night after the specified date. For the purposes of AniDB, a show listed as airing between 00:00 and 23:59 is added with the listed date; any show airing on 24:00 or later is added with the "first aired" date of the ''next day''.<br><br />
<small><i>Example:<br><br />
Japanese TV schedule says: 01.03.2005 25:30<br><br />
this means it aired: 02.03.2005 01:30.<br><br />
Such an episode would be added as "first aired on '''02'''.03.2005".</i></small><br />
<br />
===Recap===<br />
This field should only get used for pure recaps!<br />
<br />
===Description===<br />
Extra information about the episode, such as unusual airing arrangements, titles in other languages, etc.<br />
<br />
You can put an episode summary in here, but only if you like pain.<br />
<br />
==How to Remove bad entries==<br />
If you added a bad entry yourself you can remove it as long as no one added a file to this entry. Otherwise, please post the [[ID:eid|id]] of and a link to the entry to be removed here: [http://www.anidb.net/forum/viewforum.php?f=3 DB Change Requests Forum]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Animeentries]][[Category: Guidelines]]</div>Bbaabhttps://wiki.anidb.net/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=1432Main Page2005-08-29T22:48:56Z<p>Bbaab: </p>
<hr />
<div><span style="font-size: 166%;"><br />
'''Welcome to the [[AniDB:About|AniDB]] Wiki!'''<br />
</span><br />
<div style="border-top: 1px #cccccc solid; font-size:95%;"><br />
'''[[:Category:Definitions|Definitions]] &middot; [[:Category:Features|Features]] &middot; [[:Category:Guidelines|Guidelines]] &middot; [[:Category:Interface|Interface]] &middot; [[:Category:Misc|Misc]] &middot; [[:Category:Problems|Problems]] &middot; [[:Category:Todo|Todo]]'''</div><br />
<br />
<div style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: normal;"><br />
----<br />
This wiki is still heavily under development and various things aren't done at all or are only incomplete.<br />
----</div><br><br />
<br />
Your first stop: '''''<font style="font-size: 300%;">[[Signup_FAQ|OMG HOW DO I REGISTER AN ACCOUNT?!!1111ONE]]</font>''''' <!-- pelican wanted it that big --><br />
{{Index}}<br />
{| cellspacing="3" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" width="100%" align="center" class="noprint MainPageBG" style="border-bottom: medium double #AAAAAA; border-top: medium double #AAAAAA;"<br />
|- valign="middle"<br />
|style="font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; color: #666666; text-align: center;"|<br />
For further help with a problem or just for chatting visit us on [[IRC:Anidb|IRC]]:<br> irc://irc.chatsociety.net/anidb<br />
|}<br />
<br />
__NOTOC__</div>Bbaab